acc. PHILLIPS
  • acc. PHILLIPS
  • America
    • Introduction
      • Course Overview
      • Policies
      • Essential Documents
    • 1492-1754
      • Colonization
    • 1754-1848
      • Revolution
      • Constitution
      • Expansion
    • 1848-1898
      • The Civil War
      • The Gilded Age
    • 1898-1945
      • The American Empire
      • The Great Depression
      • The Second World War
    • 1945-1991
      • The Early Cold War
      • The Great Society
      • The Late Cold War
    • 1991-Today
      • The Culture Wars
      • The War on Terror
  • Europe
    • Introduction
    • 1200-1450
    • 1450-1648
      • Renaissance
      • Reformation
      • Exploration
      • Links
      • Assignments
      • Videos
        • John Green Videos
        • Tom Richey Videos
        • Rick Steves Videos
        • Assorted Videos
      • Slideshows
    • 1648-1815
      • Sovereignty
      • Commerce
      • Reason
      • Revolution
      • Links
      • Readings and Assignments
      • Videos
        • John Green Videos
        • Tom Richey Videos
        • Assorted Videos
      • Slideshows
    • 1815-1914
      • Industry
      • Ideology
      • Empire
      • Modernity
      • Links
      • Readings and Assignments
      • Videos
        • John Green Videos
        • Tom Richey Videos
        • Assorted Videos
      • Slideshows
    • 1914-Today
      • WWI
      • WWII
      • Cold War
      • EU
      • Links
      • Assignments and Readings
      • Videos
        • John Green Videos
        • Tom Richey Videos
        • Assorted Videos
      • Slideshows
  • World
    • Ancient
    • Modern
      • Introduction
        • Course Overview
        • Policies
        • Essential Documents
        • Exam
      • 1200-1450
        • Asia
        • Africa
        • Europe
        • Americas
        • Trade
      • 1450-1750
        • Discovery
        • Maritime Empires
        • Land Empires
      • 1750-1900
        • Revolutions
        • Industrialization
        • Imperialism
      • 1900-Today
        • World Wars
        • Postwar World
        • Globalization
  • Research
  • Resources
  • About
  • Contact
  • acc. PHILLIPS
  • America
    • Introduction
      • Course Overview
      • Policies
      • Essential Documents
    • 1492-1754
      • Colonization
    • 1754-1848
      • Revolution
      • Constitution
      • Expansion
    • 1848-1898
      • The Civil War
      • The Gilded Age
    • 1898-1945
      • The American Empire
      • The Great Depression
      • The Second World War
    • 1945-1991
      • The Early Cold War
      • The Great Society
      • The Late Cold War
    • 1991-Today
      • The Culture Wars
      • The War on Terror
  • Europe
    • Introduction
    • 1200-1450
    • 1450-1648
      • Renaissance
      • Reformation
      • Exploration
      • Links
      • Assignments
      • Videos
        • John Green Videos
        • Tom Richey Videos
        • Rick Steves Videos
        • Assorted Videos
      • Slideshows
    • 1648-1815
      • Sovereignty
      • Commerce
      • Reason
      • Revolution
      • Links
      • Readings and Assignments
      • Videos
        • John Green Videos
        • Tom Richey Videos
        • Assorted Videos
      • Slideshows
    • 1815-1914
      • Industry
      • Ideology
      • Empire
      • Modernity
      • Links
      • Readings and Assignments
      • Videos
        • John Green Videos
        • Tom Richey Videos
        • Assorted Videos
      • Slideshows
    • 1914-Today
      • WWI
      • WWII
      • Cold War
      • EU
      • Links
      • Assignments and Readings
      • Videos
        • John Green Videos
        • Tom Richey Videos
        • Assorted Videos
      • Slideshows
  • World
    • Ancient
    • Modern
      • Introduction
        • Course Overview
        • Policies
        • Essential Documents
        • Exam
      • 1200-1450
        • Asia
        • Africa
        • Europe
        • Americas
        • Trade
      • 1450-1750
        • Discovery
        • Maritime Empires
        • Land Empires
      • 1750-1900
        • Revolutions
        • Industrialization
        • Imperialism
      • 1900-Today
        • World Wars
        • Postwar World
        • Globalization
  • Research
  • Resources
  • About
  • Contact

Global Challenges,
​c. 1900-Today

World Wars

c. 1900-Today

Picture
Indian troops from Punjab in France, 1917

Contents


​World Wars, c. 1900-Today:
  • Objectives
  • The Mexican Revolution
  • ​​The Great War
    • ​1914-1915
    • 1916-1918
  • ​Imperial Collapse​
  • Soviet Modernization
  • The Great Depression
  • Fascism
  • The Second World War
    • ​1939-1941
    • 1942-1945
  • Total War and Genocide

Objectives

return to top of page
​​​
  • Explain how internal and external factors contributed to change in various states after 1900.

  • ​​​Explain the causes and consequences of World War I.

  • ​​​​Explain how governments used a variety of methods to conduct war.​​  

  • ​​Explain how different governments responded to economic crisis after 1900.

  • ​​​Explain the continuities and changes in territorial holdings from 1900 to the present.

  • ​​​Explain the causes and consequences of World War II. 

  • ​​​Explain similarities and differences in how governments used a variety of methods to conduct war.​​

  • ​​​Explain the various causes and consequences of mass atrocities in the period from 1900 to the present. ​

  • ​​Explain how different governments responded to economic crisis after 1900.
    ​
  • ​​​Explain the continuities and changes in territorial holdings from 1900 to the present.

​The Mexican Revolution

return to top of page
Picture
Pancho Villa and followers. An estimated 1.7-2.7 million died during the Mexican Revolution
Picture
"I've Had About Enough of This". Uncle Sam leaps across the border to chase Pancho Villa during the Punitive Expedition.
States around the world challenged the existing political and social order, including the Mexican Revolution that arose as a result of political crisis.
audio pronunciation guide:
  • Benito Juarez 
  • La Reforma
  • Porfirio Diaz
  • Porfiriato
  • cientificos
  • Mexican Revolution
  • Francisco Madero
  • Pancho Villa
  • Emiliano Zapata
  • Victoriano Huerta
  • Venustiano Carranza
  • Punitive Expedition
  • Mexican Constitution of 1917
  • ​syndicalism
  • Alvaro Obregon
  • soldaderas
  • Diego Rivera
  • Jose Clemente Orozco
  • indigenism
  • ​Cristeros
Picture
Soldaderas conduct firing practice, 1911
The Mexican Revolution.pdf from Dave Phillips
The Mexican Revolution

​The Great War

return to top of page
Picture
Picture
  • ​​World War I was the first total war. Governments used a variety of strategies, including political propaganda, art, media, and intensified forms of nationalism, to mobilize populations (both in the home countries and the colonies) for the purpose of waging war.
    ​
  • New military technology led to increased levels of wartime casualties.
Picture
Picture
Japanese capture of the German colony of Tsingtao, China, 1914

1914-1915

return to top of page
Picture
British machine gunners
Picture
​British ship-based air-raid on German naval forces, Christmas Day, 1914
Article: From Wristwatches To Radio, How World War I Ushered In The Modern World
Picture
Article: Famous World War I Battleship Discovered at the Bottom of the Atlantic
Picture
audio pronunciation guide:
1914-1915
  • ​nationalism
  • Pan-Slavism
  • Pan-Germanism
  • Social Darwinism
  • New Imperialism
  • Alsace-Lorraine
  • Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany
  • Moroccan Crises
  • industrialization
  • militarism
  • alliance system
  • Triple Alliance
  • Triple Entente
  • Balkan Crises
  • Franz Ferdinand
  • Black Hand
  • July Crisis ultimatum
  • mobilization​
  • ​​​Schlieffen Plan
  • Rape of Belgium
  • Plan XVII
  • First Battle of the Marne
  • trench warfare
  • No Man’s Land
  • Central Powers
  • Allied (Entente) Powers
  • Western Front
  • Eastern Front
  • ​Balkan Front
  • Asian Theater
  • ​Twenty-One Demands
  • ​African Theater
  • Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck​
  • machine guns
  • ​airplanes
  • chemical weapons
  • Zeppelins
  • ​unrestricted submarine warfare
  • Lusitania
  • Treaty of London
  • ​Italian Front
  • 12 battles of Isonzo
  • Gallipoli Campaign
  • ​colonial participation
  • total war
  • war socialism
  • Home Front
  • Three Pashas
  • ​​Armenian genocide
Article: Why the World Banned Chemical Weapons
Picture
Picture
The Bikaner Camel Corps, British Imperial Service Troops from India, during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign, 1915
Picture
prisoners of war from various Allied nations
Picture
Austro-Hungarian troops on the mountainous ​Italian Front
Picture
German East African soliders 
Colorized French photos from World War I
The Great War in 1914-1915
Picture
German ​Zeppelin-Staaken R.VI giant bomber
Picture
British Mark I tank during the battle of the Somme, September 1916

1916-1918

return to top of page
Picture
Vietnamese workers from French Indochina at a train station in Saint-Raphaël, France, in 1916
Picture
​Australian soldiers at Ypres, France during the Battle of Paschendale.
Picture
Germans passing a captured British trench during the Spring 1918 Offensive
Picture
Canadian troops resting during the ​Hundred Days Offensive
Article: So Today I Learned That France Built a Replica of Paris in WWI
Picture
Picture
audio pronunciation guide:
1916-1918
  • ​Paul von Hindenburg
  • Erich Ludendorff
  • Easter Rebellion
  • ​battle of Verdun
  • Brusilov Offensive
  • battle of the Somme
  • ​Mark I tank
  • Arab Revolt​​
  • T.E. Lawrence
  • Hussein bin Ali
  • ​Joseph Caillaux
  • Tsar Nicholas II of Russia
  • Tsarina Alexandra
  • Rasputin
  • March 1917 Russian Revolution
  • Russian Provisional Government
  • soviets
  • ​​​Petrograd Soviet
  • Army Order No. 1
  • Alexander Kerensky
  • Kerensky Offensive​
  • Sussex Pledge
  • Zimmerman Telegram
  • U.S. Associated Power
  • ​American Expeditionary Forces
  • ​​battle of Passchendaele
  • ​November 1917/Bolshevik Revolution
  • ​Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
  • Kaiserschlacht/German Spring Offensive
  • ​Hundred Days Offensive
  • Ferdinand Foch
  • Hindenburg Line
  • ​Spanish flu
  • German Revolution
  • Friedrich Ebert
  • Armistice
Article: Why was the Zimmermann Telegram so important?
Picture
Picture
officers of the American 366th Infantry
Picture
1919 postcard depicting the battle of Château-Thierry
The Great War, 1914-1918.pdf from Dave Phillips
The Great War in 1916-1918
Picture

Imperial Collapse

return to top of page
Picture
"The Big Four" -  David Lloyd George of Britain, Vittorio Orlando of Italy, Georges Clemenceau of France, and Woodrow Wilson of the U.S. - made all the major decisions at the Paris Peace Conference.
Picture
Picture
Picture
Picture
​In January 1919, communists tried to seize power in Germany during the failed Spartacist Uprising.
Picture
1919 illustration of the stab-in-the-back myth, a dangerous right-wing conspiracy theory that blamed Germany's defeat in World War I on Jews, liberals, socialists, and communists, and contributed to the rise of the Nazi Party.
Picture
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, founder and first president of the Republic of Turkey (1923-1938) transformed Turkey into a progressive, secular, industrial nation.
Picture
Yuan Shikai (left) and Sun Yat-sen (right) with flags representing the Republic of China
  • ​​The West dominated the global political order at the beginning of the 20th century, but both land-based and maritime empires gave way to new states by the century’s end.
    ​
  • The older, land-based Ottoman, Russian, and Qing empires collapsed due to a combination of internal and external factors. These changes in Russia eventually led to communist revolution.
audio pronunciation guide:
  • Paris Peace Conference
  • Georges Clemenceau
  • David Lloyd George
  • Vittorio Orlando
  • Woodrow Wilson
  • Fourteen Points
  • national self-determination
  • League of Nations
  • ​League of Nations mandates
  • Sykes-Picot Agreement
  • Balfour Declaration
  • Treaty of Versailles
  • Article 231 War Guilt Clause
  • reparations
  • Weimar Republic
  • Spartacist Uprising
  • stab-in-the-back myth
  • November criminals
  • Black Horror on the Rhine
  • ​Dissolution of Austria-Hungary
  • Washington Naval Conference
  • Locarno Treaties
  • Kellogg-Briand Pact ​​
  • ​Mehmed VI Rashid
  • Turkish War of Independence 
  • Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
  • Guomindang (Kuomintang)
  • Sun Yat-sen/Sun Yixian
  • Three Principles of the People
  • Xinhai Revolution (Chinese Revolution of 1911)
  • Republic of China
  • Yuan Shikai
  • May Fourth Movement
  • Whampoa Military Academy
  • Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi)
  • Li Dazhao
  • ​Mao Zedong (Mao Tse-tung)
  • Maoism
  • Shanghai Massacre
  • Chinese Civil War
  • ​Mukden Incident
  • The Long March
Article: The Chinese Revolution of 1911: Failure or Success?
Picture
Article: The War After the War: 7 Revolutions Caused By World War One
Picture
Imperial Collapse

​Soviet Modernization

return to top of page
Picture
Joseph Stalin (left), Vladimir Lenin (center), and Leon Trotsky (right) led the Bolshevik Revolution and founded the Soviet Union.
Picture
Picture
Soviet propaganda poster depicting Stalin leading Soviet forces during the Second World War.
Picture
The sculpture Worker and Kolkhoz Woman (1937) is one of the most famous art works of Socialist Realism.
In the Soviet Union, the government controlled the national economy through the Five Year Plans, often implementing repressive policies, with negative repercussions for the population.​
audio pronunciation guide:
  • ​Vladimir Illych Lenin​
  • Bolshevik Party
  • Marxism-Leninism
  • ​​revolutionary vanguard
  • soviets
  • Red Guards
  • Winter Palace
  • Bolshevik Revolution
  • Russian Constituent Assembly
  • totalitarianism
  • Russian Civil War
  • White coalition
  • White émigrés
  • Red Army
  • Leon Trotsky
  • Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
  • war communism
  • Red Scare
  • Red Terror
  • Cheka
  • gulags
  • Comintern
  • New Economic Policy (NEP)​
  • kulaks
  • Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)
  • Supreme Soviet
  • Politburo
  • Joseph Stalin
  • Stalinism
  • Five Year Plans
  • command economy
  • Collectivization​
  • Holodomor
  • Great Purge
  • NKVD
  • KGB
  • Socialist Realism
Article: Putting history to rest: Will Lenin soon be buried?
Picture
Now you see him. Now you don't. Victims of the Great Purge were erased from the Soviet historical record through elaborate document falsification.
Article: Death of truth: when propaganda and 'alternative facts' first gripped the world
Picture
Picture
Soviet Modernization

​The Great Depression

​return to top of page
Picture
"Bread Line during the Louisville flood, Kentucky, 1937"
​photo by 
Margaret Bourke-White
Art and literature of the 1920s reflected the traumatic experience of World War I and pessimism, angst, and anxiety about the future.
​During the Ruhr Crisis, Weimar Republic suffered extreme hyperinflation which crippled the German economy.
Picture
Text: "It's the Soviets pulling the strings of the Popular Front." French right-wing critics denounced the Popular Front alliance of Liberals, Socialists, and Communists as puppets of the Soviet Union.
Picture
propaganda depicting Brazilian dictator Getúlio Vargas, 1938
Picture
Down Argentine Way (1940) introduced Carmen Miranda to American audiences. FDR's ​Good Neighbor Policy relied on such films to help improve U.S.-Latin American relations.
​​Following World War I and the onset of the Great Depression, governments began to take a more active role in economic life.
audio pronunciation guide:
  • Weimar Republic
  • coalition government
  • Ruhr Crisis
  • hyperinflation
  • Beer Hall Putsch
  • Dawes Plan
  • ​Young Plan
  • Black Tuesday
  • Dow Jones Industrial Average
  • Great Depression
  • Herbert Hoover
  • Hoovervilles
  • economic nationalism
  • ​Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act
  • New Deal coalition
  • Franklin D. Roosevelt
  • Eleanor Roosevelt
  • Fireside Chats
  • New Deal
  • John Maynard Keynes
  • Keynesian economics
  • ​Austrian economics
  • Dust Bowl
  • Okies
  • National Government
  • Popular Front
  • Léon Blum
  • Lázaro Cárdenas
  • Jose Carlos Mariategui
  • Augusto Cesar Sandino
  • Anastasio Somoza Garcia
  • Victor Raul Haya de la Torre
  • Getúlio Dornelles Vargas
  • ​Juan Perón
  • corporatism
  • ​Good Neighbor Policy
  • Carmen Miranda
  • Sigmund Freud
  • psychoanalysis
  • Max Planck 
  • quantum theory
  • Albert Einstein 
  • special theory of relativity 
  • general theory of relativity 
  • Werner Heisenberg
  • The Lost Generation
  • Cubism
  • Dadaism
  • ​Surrealism
  • Expressionism
  • New Objectivity
  • ​Gertrude Stein
  • Pablo Picasso
  • George Grosz
  • Hannah Höch
  • Karl Barth
  • Paul Valéry
  • Oswald Spengler
  • T.S. Eliot
  • Otto Dix
  • F. Scott Fitzgerald
  • Ernest Hemingway
  • Erich Remarque
  • René Magritte
  • Jose Ortega y Gasset
  • Salvador Dalí
  • Arnold J. Toynbee
  • John Steinbeck
Article: Why has Germany taken so long to pay off its WWI debt?
Picture
Article: ​Coca-Cola collaborated with the Nazis in the 1930s, and Fanta is the proof
Picture
Modernism from Dave Phillips
The Great Depression

Fascism

​return to top of page
Picture
Picture
'Piece by Piece': American cartoon on Japan's expansion in Asia
Article: Airbrushing Taiwan’s History: Can Japanese Colonialism Ever Be Justified?
Picture
Article: Benito Mussolini’s Rise to Power: From Biennio Rosso to March on Rome
Picture
Picture
Fascist Party Headquarters in Rome in 1934
Rare color photographs of Nazi Germany by ​Adolf Hitler's personal photographer. Hitler murdered his Nazi Party rivals and assumed the powers of the presidency to become Germany's Führer in 1934.
Picture
Picture
Japanese troops during  a chemical attack against Chinese forces in the Second Sino-Japanese War, 1937
​​Between the two world wars, Western and Japanese imperial states predominantly maintained control over colonial holdings; in some cases, they gained additional territories through conquest or treaty settlement and in other cases faced anti-imperial resistance.
audio pronunciation guide:
  • ​Fascism
  • Two Red Years
  • Benito Mussolini
  • Fascist Party
  • Chauvinism
  • Blackshirts
  • Victor Emmanuel III
  • March on Rome
  • Il Duce
  • Lateran Accord
  • pacification of Libya
  • Second Italo-Ethiopian War
  • ​Adolf Hitler
  • NSDAP (Nazi Party)
  • Nazism
  • Stormtroopers (SA)
  • Beer Hall Putsch
  • Mein Kampf
  • Lebensraum​
  • xenophobia
  • Paul von Hindenburg
  • Reichstag Fire
  • Dachau concentration camp
  • Enabling Act
  • Führer
  • Third Reich
  • German rearmament
  • remilitarization of Rhineland
  • appeasement
  • Spanish Civil War
  • Francisco Franco
  • Schutzstaffel (SS)
  • Gestapo
  • Heinrich Himmler
  • Hermann Goering
  • Josef Goebbels
  • Kristallnacht
  • Anschluss
  • Munich Conference
  • Sudetenland
  • Neville Chamberlain
  • Pact of Steel
  • Tripartite Pact
  • Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact 
  • Hirohito
  • Mukden Incident
  • Marco Polo Bridge Incident
  • Second Sino-Japanese War
  • ​Rape of Nanking
  • U.S. Neutrality Acts
Article: The Spanish Civil War: A Trial Run for World War II
Picture
Article: ​Spain’s Parliament Votes to Exhume a Dead Dictator
Picture
Picture
political cartoons reacting to the Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact
Totalitarianism - The Road to the Second World War.pdf from Dave Phillips
Fascism

The Second World War

​return to top of page
Picture
Picture
Picture
Japanese propaganda poster depicting a samurai triumphing over Allied navy ships with the Axis Power flags of Germany, Japan, and Italy fluttering in the background.
Picture
  • ​​​The causes of World War II included the unsustainable peace settlement after World War I, the global economic crisis engendered by the Great Depression, continued imperialist aspirations, and especially the rise to power of fascist and totalitarian regimes that resulted in the aggressive militarism of Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler. 

  • ​​​​World War II was a total war. Governments used a variety of strategies, including political propaganda, art, media, and intensified forms of nationalism, to mobilize populations (both in the home countries and the colonies or former colonies) for the purpose of waging war. Governments used ideologies, including fascism and communism to mobilize all of their state’s resources for war and, in the case of totalitarian states, to repress basic freedoms and dominate many aspects of daily life during the course of the conflicts and beyond.
    ​
  • New military technology and new tactics, including the atomic bomb, fire-bombing, and the waging of “total war” led to increased levels of wartime casualties.

1939-1941

return to top of page
Picture
German airplanes during the Second World War emblazoned with the Nazi swastika symbol on their tails.
Article: The Maginot Line – 11 Fascinating Facts About France’s Ill-Fated Fortifications
Picture
Article: Silent Partners – Five Neutral Nations That Still Took Part In WW2
Picture
audio pronunciation guide:
1939-1941
  • invasion of Poland
  • blitzkrieg
  • Panzer division
  • Maginot Line
  • Phoney War (Sitzkrieg)
  • ​battle of the Atlantic
  • Winter War
  • Norwegian Campaign
  • Battle of France
  • Winston Churchill
  • Miracle of Dunkirk
  • Vichy regime
  • Henri-Philippe Pétain
  • ​Charles de Gaulle
  • Free France
  • Manchukuo
  • Unit 731
  • Japanese invasion of French Indochina
  • Soviet occupation of the Baltic states
  • Battle of Britain
  • Luftwaffe
  • radar​
  • Enigma
  • ​Alan Turing
  • Balkans Campaign
  • Josip Tito
  • Yugoslav Partisans
  • Operation Barbarossa
  • Eastern Front
  • battle of Moscow
  • siege of Leningrad
  • Einsatzgruppen
  • U.S. Neutrality Acts
  • Lend-Lease Act
  • Atlantic Charter
  • Pearl Harbor
  • Hideki Tojo
  • Isoroku Yamamoto
Picture
Vichy France
World War II, 1939-1941

1942-1945

return to top of page
Picture
Soviet soldiers fly the flag of the USSR after the Battle of Berlin.
Picture
American marines raise the US flag after the Battle of Iwo Jima.
Picture
diagram of a German V-2 rocket
audio pronunciation guide:
1942-1945
  • Wannsee Conference
  • battle of Singapore
  • Burma Campaign
  • Bataan Death March​​
  • Douglas MacArthur
  • Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
  • comfort women
  • WAVES
  • WACS
  • Rosie the Riveter
  • ​Doolittle’s Raid
  • battle of the Coral Sea
  • battle of Midway
  • island hopping
  • battle of Guadalcanal
  • Japanese-American internment
  • ​strategic bombing
  • Declaration of the United Nations
  • Erwin Rommel
  • Afrika Korps
  • Bernard Montgomery
  • battle of El Alamein
  • Operation Torch
  • George Patton
  • Dwight D. Eisenhower
  • Order No. 227
  • Georgy Zhukov
  • battle of Stalingrad
  • ​Casablanca Conference
  • Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
  • Allied invasion of Sicily
  • battle of Kursk
  • Tehran Conference
  • Operation Overlord (D-Day)
  • Operation Valkyrie
  • liberation of Paris
  • ​Warsaw Uprising
  • battle of Leyte Gulf
  • kamikazes
  • Battle of the Bulge
  • firebombing of Dresden
  • Yalta Conference
  • ​battle of Iwo Jima
  • firebombing of Tokyo
  • Harry S. Truman
  • battle of Berlin
  • Elbe Day
  • V-E Day
  • battle of Okinawa
  • United Nations Charter
  • Manhattan Project
  • Potsdam Conference
  • denazification
  • Hiroshima
  • Nagasaki
  • Manchurian Operation
  • V-J Day ​​
Article: This is the story behind the Red Army's most iconic WWII photo
Picture
Article: ​The nuclear bomb didn't beat Japan — Stalin did
Picture
The Second World War.pdf from Dave Phillips
World War II, 1942-1945

Total War and Genocide

return to top of page
Picture
The Sowers (1942) by Thomas Hart Benton portrays the barbarity of fascism.
Picture
Picture
Picture
Picture
Images from the Holocaust
Picture
A survivor of a vicious machete attack, the main weapon of murder in the Rwandan Genocide (1994). ​
Picture
​​At 50 million megatons, the Tsar Bomba thermonuclear device is the most powerful weapon ever developed.  It was tested in 1961 during the peak of the Cold War.  Reaching 35 miles into the atmosphere, the mushroom cloud was seven times the height of Mount Everest.
​​​The rise of extremist groups in power led to the attempted destruction of specific populations, notably the Nazi killing of the Jews in the Holocaust during World War II, and to other atrocities, acts of genocide, or ethnic violence.
audio pronunciation guide:
  • total war
  • genocide
  • scorched earth
  • strategic bombing
  • collateral damage
  • unrestricted submarine warfare
  • collective reprisals
  • mass conscription
  • rationing
  • war socialism
  • war industries
  • propaganda
  • war bond funding
  • nuclear weapons
  • Mutually Assured Destruction
  • proxy wars
  • Armenian genocide
  • Holodomor famine
  • Rape of Nanking
  • The Holocaust
  • Aryan theory
  • Heinrich Himmler
  • Schutzstaffel (SS)
  • Nuremberg Laws
  • Kristallnacht
  • ghettos
  • Einsatzgruppen
  • Wannsee Conference
  • Final Solution
  • Reinhard Heydrich
  • Adolf Eichmann
  • ​Josef Mengele
  • extermination camps
  • Zyklon B
  • Nuremberg Trials
  • Hermann Göring
  • United Nations Genocide Convention
  • Indonesian genocide
  • ​Cambodian genocide
  • Khmer Rouge
  • Pol Pot
  • Yugoslav Wars
  • Slobodan Milosevic
  • Bosnia-Herzegovina
  • Alija Izetbegovic
  • Radovan Karadzic
  • Greater Serbia
  • Bosnian genocide
  • ethnic cleansing
  • Srebrenica massacre
  • Dayton Accords
  • Kosovo War
  • ​Tutsi
  • Hutu
  • Rwandan genocide
  • Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF)
  • Paul Kagame
  • Théoneste Bagosora
  • Interahamwe
  • ​​Darfur genocide
  • Janjaweed
  • Omar al-Bashir
  • Rohingya genocide
Article: Romeo Dallaire, Meeting the 'Devil' in Rwanda
Picture
Article: ​Romeo Dallaire: Senator Slams 'Hotel Rwanda' Film As Revisionist 'Junk'
Picture
The Rwandan Genocide and the Eight Stages of Genocide from Dave Phillips
Bosnian genocide from Dave Phillips
Total War and Genocide
acc. PHILLIPS home
AP World: Modern home
1200-1450
1450-1750
1750-1900
1900 CE-Today: Global Challenges
World Wars
Postwar World
Globalization

Select:

America
Europe
World

​

Resources:

Barron's AP European History Flashcards, Second Edition​

About:

Research
Meet D.W. Phillips
Contact

​

This is a non-commercial website.
Contents are for educational purposes only.
© COPYRIGHT 2022.
  • acc. PHILLIPS
  • America
    • Introduction
      • Course Overview
      • Policies
      • Essential Documents
    • 1492-1754
      • Colonization
    • 1754-1848
      • Revolution
      • Constitution
      • Expansion
    • 1848-1898
      • The Civil War
      • The Gilded Age
    • 1898-1945
      • The American Empire
      • The Great Depression
      • The Second World War
    • 1945-1991
      • The Early Cold War
      • The Great Society
      • The Late Cold War
    • 1991-Today
      • The Culture Wars
      • The War on Terror
  • Europe
    • Introduction
    • 1200-1450
    • 1450-1648
      • Renaissance
      • Reformation
      • Exploration
      • Links
      • Assignments
      • Videos
        • John Green Videos
        • Tom Richey Videos
        • Rick Steves Videos
        • Assorted Videos
      • Slideshows
    • 1648-1815
      • Sovereignty
      • Commerce
      • Reason
      • Revolution
      • Links
      • Readings and Assignments
      • Videos
        • John Green Videos
        • Tom Richey Videos
        • Assorted Videos
      • Slideshows
    • 1815-1914
      • Industry
      • Ideology
      • Empire
      • Modernity
      • Links
      • Readings and Assignments
      • Videos
        • John Green Videos
        • Tom Richey Videos
        • Assorted Videos
      • Slideshows
    • 1914-Today
      • WWI
      • WWII
      • Cold War
      • EU
      • Links
      • Assignments and Readings
      • Videos
        • John Green Videos
        • Tom Richey Videos
        • Assorted Videos
      • Slideshows
  • World
    • Ancient
    • Modern
      • Introduction
        • Course Overview
        • Policies
        • Essential Documents
        • Exam
      • 1200-1450
        • Asia
        • Africa
        • Europe
        • Americas
        • Trade
      • 1450-1750
        • Discovery
        • Maritime Empires
        • Land Empires
      • 1750-1900
        • Revolutions
        • Industrialization
        • Imperialism
      • 1900-Today
        • World Wars
        • Postwar World
        • Globalization
  • Research
  • Resources
  • About
  • Contact