Industrialization
c. 1750-1900
Objectives
- Explain how environmental factors contributed to industrialization from 1750 to 1900.
- Explain how different modes and locations of production have developed and changed over time.
- Explain how technology shaped economic production over time.
Factors of Production
Manchester from Kersal Moor, by William Wyld in 1857, a view dominated by chimney stacks as a consequence of the Industrial Revolution.
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A variety of factors contributed to the growth of industrial production and eventually resulted in the Industrial Revolution, including:
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The Factory System
Western Ascendency
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The rapid development of steam-powered industrial production in European countries and the U.S. contributed to the increase in these regions’ share of global manufacturing during the first Industrial Revolution. While Middle Eastern and Asian countries continued to produce manufactured goods, these regions’ share in global manufacturing declined.
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The Second Industrial Revolution
Spread of Industrialization
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As new methods of industrial production became more common in parts of northwestern Europe, they spread to other parts of Europe and the United States, Russia, and Japan.
Meiji Japan
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Transportation and Communication
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Thomas Cook & Co. guided tourists around the world.
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Railroads, steamships, and the telegraph made exploration, development, and communication possible in interior regions globally, which led to increased trade and migration.
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