Commercial

• As societies develop, they affect and are affected by the ways that they produce, exchange, and consume goods and services.​

Cultural

• The development of ideas, beliefs, and religions illustrates how groups in society view themselves, and the interactions of societies and their beliefs often have political, social, and cultural implications.

Environmental

• The environment shapes human societies, and as populations grow and change, these populations in turn shape their environments.

Political ​

• A variety of internal and external factors contribute to state formation, expansion, and decline. Governments maintain order through a variety of administrative institutions, policies, and procedures, and governments obtain, retain, and exercise power in different ways and for different purposes.

​Social

• The process by which societies group their members and the norms that govern the interactions between these groups and between individuals influence political, economic, and cultural institutions and organization.​

Technological

• Human adaptation and innovation have resulted in increased efficiency, comfort, and security, and technological advances have shaped human development and interactions with both intended and unintended consequences. ​